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IDProjectCategoryView StatusLast Update
0001837CCdcielGeneralpublic17-11-11 12:06
Reportertango13 Assigned ToPatrick Chevalley  
PrioritynormalSeverityminorReproducibilityalways
Status resolvedResolutionno change required 
PlatformOdroid XU4OSRaspbianOS Versionstretch
Product Version0.9 
Target Version1.0 
Summary0001837: 10 seconds minimum for download
DescriptionHi Patrick,

trying rev625 I noticed that the download of the image doesn't start before 10 seconds.
If the exposure is longer than 10 s then nothing different happens, apart from the fact that the exposure countdown appears after 10 sec.
If the exposure is shorter that 10 s then CCDciel starts downloading the image only after 10s, even if the exposure time is already terminated.
For example, for a 2-second exposure the download starts after 8 seconds after the exposure time is over.
Thank you.
TagsNo tags attached.

Activities

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-09 15:28

administrator   ~0004245

I add some timing information for the camera frame processing in revision 629: https://sourceforge.net/p/ccdciel/code/629/

To activate this additional messages you have to uncomment (remove //) for the line {$define camera_debug} at the top of cu_camera.pas and cu_indicamera.pas before to compile the program.

Copy here the messages from a capture.

For me using a 2 second exposure with a 6 megapixel ccd simulator it give the following:

15:04:20:Start single preview
15:04:21:CCD Simulator: progress: 2.0
15:04:21:CCD Simulator: progress: 1.3
15:04:22:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.3
15:04:22:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.0
15:04:23:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.0
15:04:23:CCD Simulator: receive blob
15:04:23:CCD Simulator: this is a fits file
15:04:23:CCD Simulator: copy stream
15:04:23:CCD Simulator: NewImage
15:04:23:CCD Simulator: load stream
15:04:24:CCD Simulator: write headers
15:04:24:CCD Simulator: display image
15:04:24:End preview

The "downloading" status display it triggered by the first "progress: 0.0".

The time it take between the first "progress: 0.0" and "receive blob" include a lot of processing that cannot be traced here, this comprise the following:
- indi driver actually read the image from the camera
- indi server encode the data in base64 and send the xml message
- indi client receive the xml message and decode the data

tango13

17-11-09 18:10

reporter   ~0004247

Hi Patrick,

this is what shows up on my Odroid XU4, armbian stretch/sid

ccdciel rev 630, indi commit 36a4539b5e10d0afce3b1f3a39fb989b32db56e3 Wed Nov 8 09:06:03 2017 +0300

17:49:08:Start single preview
17:49:09:CCD Simulator: [INFO] Upload settings set to local only.
17:49:19:CCD Simulator: progress: 2.0
17:49:19:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.0
17:49:19:CCD Simulator: load stream
17:49:21:CCD Simulator: write headers
17:49:21:CCD Simulator: display image
17:49:21:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.0
17:49:24:End preview

 This is what instead shows on my RasPi3, raspbian 9.1

ccdciel rev 630, indi commit 6dfa98091bce1919f751207683228859ce5b8c27 Sun Nov 5 10:01:05 2017 +0300

12:04:35:Start single preview
12:04:43:CCD Simulator: progress: 2.0
12:04:43:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.0
12:04:54:CCD Simulator: progress: 0.0
12:04:54:CCD Simulator: receive blob
12:04:54:CCD Simulator: this is a fits file
12:04:54:CCD Simulator: copy stream
12:04:54:CCD Simulator: NewImage
12:04:54:CCD Simulator: load stream
12:04:58:CCD Simulator: write headers
12:04:58:CCD Simulator: display image
12:05:06:End preview

Could it be something related to INDI too?
Thank you.

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-09 18:39

administrator   ~0004248

Some of the difference in the messages is because you use network transfer with the RPi but ram disk transfer with the Odroid.

There is two long delay.
10 seconds before to receive the first progress indicator
and in the network case 10 seconds between "progress:0.0" and "receive blob"

It can be interesting to activate INDI debug log for the camera, including "Driver debug".
For me with the ccd simulator this give:
DEBUG 54.157212 sec : pprx: 96153.8 pixels per radian ppry: 96153.8 pixels per radian ScaleX: 2.14552 arcsecs/pixel ScaleY: 2.14552 arcsecs/pixel
DEBUG 54.157257 sec : Lookup radius 29.31
DEBUG 54.157276 sec : gsc -c 224.792045 +15.070428 -r 29.3 -m 0 17.00 -n 3000
DEBUG 56.165961 sec : Uploading file. Ext: fits, Size: 2626560, sendImage? Yes, saveImage? No
DEBUG 56.175243 sec : Upload complete

Unfortunately the time is in second since the driver is started.
You can tail -f the log file to check if the first 3 messages are given immediately after you click the Preview button in CCDciel.

The 2 seconds wait before " Uploading file..." is the exposure time.

The last 2 messages indicate the network upload time.

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-09 19:08

administrator   ~0004249

Also, please upgrade to revision 633 where I add a log with the full INDI protocol received by the indi client.
https://sourceforge.net/p/ccdciel/code/633/

Be sure {$define camera_debug} is not commented before to compile.

Do only connection and take one preview before to close the program because the log file can be very big. This can also slow down all the operations.
Zip and upload here the file /tmp/ccdciel_indicamera.log

tango13

17-11-10 10:27

reporter   ~0004251

Please find attached the log files, I'll try also to enable INDI debug and let you know.
Thank you.
indicameralog.tar.gz (6,342 bytes)

tango13

17-11-10 10:37

reporter   ~0004252

This is the INDI debug output:

INFO 1866.990401 sec : Debug is enabled.
INFO 1887.266024 sec : Upload settings set to local only.
DEBUG 1887.295234 sec : pprx: 110526 pixels per radian ppry: 110526 pixels per radian ScaleX: 1.86652 arcsecs/pixel ScaleY: 1.86652 arcsecs/pixel
DEBUG 1887.295801 sec : Lookup radius 79.16
DEBUG 1887.296126 sec : gsc -c 224.788760 +15.070436 -r 79.2 -m 0 11.00 -n 3000
DEBUG 1897.588429 sec : Uploading file. Ext: fits, Size: 24744960, sendImage? No, saveImage? Yes
INFO 1897.643145 sec : Image saved to /tmp/ccdciel_tmp.fits
DEBUG 1897.643958 sec : Upload complete

And this is the output (and timing) of gsc:

piero@xu4:~$ time gsc -c 224.788760 +15.070436 -r 79.2 -m 0 11.00 -n 3000
0092401344 224.56737 +14.03758 0.0 6.78 0.00 4 0 +056 F; 63.29 192
0092400438 224.01663 +14.16709 0.3 10.92 0.40 1 0 00J0 F; 70.34 220
0092400462 224.11926 +14.23620 0.3 9.34 0.40 1 0 00J0 F; 63.37 218
0092400292 224.59661 +14.32961 0.3 10.84 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 45.83 194
0092400292 224.59669 +14.32970 0.3 10.25 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 45.82 194
0092400210 223.79769 +14.38974 0.2 10.46 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 70.54 235
0092400210 223.79754 +14.38980 0.3 10.96 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 70.54 235
0092400187 224.61562 +14.39852 0.3 10.21 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 41.55 194
0092400187 224.61569 +14.39856 0.2 9.80 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 41.54 194
0092400184 224.05526 +14.44590 0.3 5.57 0.40 1 3 00G1 T; 56.70 229
0092400184 224.05512 +14.44625 0.0 5.78 0.00 4 0 +056 T; 56.70 229
0092400017 223.71852 +14.45452 0.2 10.52 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 72.26 239
0092400017 223.71843 +14.45462 0.3 10.92 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 72.26 239
0092400281 224.56731 +14.48075 0.2 9.27 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 37.64 200
0092400281 224.56724 +14.48081 0.3 9.76 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 37.64 200
0092400126 224.03622 +14.51660 0.2 9.01 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 54.86 233
0092400204 224.34383 +14.56162 0.2 10.56 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 39.98 220
0092400182 223.91318 +14.60238 0.2 10.56 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 58.03 241
0092400114 224.67877 +14.84619 0.2 10.31 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 14.89 205
0092400120 223.79179 +14.87517 0.1 10.80 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 58.96 259
0092400063 223.78489 +14.91398 0.1 10.59 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 58.93 261
0092400062 223.47876 +14.97109 0.1 10.30 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 76.15 266
0092400077 223.75431 +14.97919 0.3 6.86 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 60.19 265
0092400077 223.75450 +14.97944 0.1 6.88 0.00 4 0 +056 T; 60.18 265
0092500865 225.08984 +13.92244 0.2 10.92 0.40 1 0 00J0 F; 71.07 166
0092501397 225.51301 +14.03399 0.3 9.34 0.40 1 0 00J0 F; 75.07 146
0092501109 225.59248 +14.07795 0.3 10.30 0.40 1 0 00J0 F; 75.66 142
0092500212 225.71368 +14.26770 0.3 9.34 0.40 1 3 00J0 T; 72.12 132
0092500212 225.71373 +14.26809 0.3 8.34 0.40 1 3 00G1 T; 72.11 132
0092500017 225.00331 +14.35066 0.3 10.09 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 44.95 164
0092500017 225.00338 +14.35079 0.3 9.55 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 44.94 164
0092500021 225.01167 +14.37063 0.3 10.51 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 43.94 163
0092500071 225.06199 +14.42379 0.3 9.92 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 41.91 158
0092500071 225.06200 +14.42389 0.3 9.55 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 41.91 158
0092500213 224.73629 +14.44473 0.3 10.84 0.40 1 0 00J0 T; 37.67 185
0092500213 224.73648 +14.44474 0.2 10.46 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 37.66 185
0092500036 225.61348 +14.58985 0.3 9.80 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 55.85 121
0092500057 225.83514 +14.71570 0.2 10.21 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 64.30 109
0092500264 225.22151 +14.75680 0.2 10.21 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 31.36 127
0092500144 226.04496 +14.75817 0.3 8.42 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 75.20 104
0092500174 224.99029 +14.83311 0.2 6.87 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 18.42 141
0092500174 224.99017 +14.83325 0.1 7.19 0.00 4 0 +056 T; 18.41 141
0092500194 224.99778 +14.85726 0.2 10.21 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 17.62 137
0148500341 225.57302 +14.99996 0.2 10.88 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 45.64 95
0148500175 225.70704 +15.04052 0.2 8.80 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 53.24 92
0148500593 224.58447 +15.04144 0.1 10.14 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 11.96 262
0148500294 224.44800 +15.05875 0.1 7.50 0.10 4 0 +056 T; 19.76 268
0148500294 224.44792 +15.05883 0.2 6.83 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 19.76 268
0148500466 224.76161 +15.07905 0.2 7.79 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 1.66 288
0148500478 225.56287 +15.08484 0.2 7.96 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 44.86 89
0148500154 225.46432 +15.10605 0.2 8.97 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 39.19 87
0148500407 224.62572 +15.13204 0.1 9.75 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 10.14 291
0148500631 224.46513 +15.15215 0.1 10.88 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 19.38 285
0148500199 225.37471 +15.17198 0.2 10.26 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 34.48 80
0148500558 224.21068 +15.23604 0.2 10.84 0.40 1 3 00G1 F; 34.92 287
0148500829 224.48970 +15.24915 0.1 10.89 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 20.37 302
0148500218 225.94004 +15.26148 0.2 9.71 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 67.65 80
0148500244 225.81451 +15.26810 0.2 9.22 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 60.57 79
0148500599 225.54099 +15.28816 0.2 8.67 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 45.48 73
0148500188 226.00729 +15.33612 0.2 9.96 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 72.33 77
0148500815 225.89564 +15.42151 0.2 7.91 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 67.45 72
0148500838 225.69135 +15.45831 0.2 10.51 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 57.19 66
0148500190 224.32138 +15.47687 0.1 9.14 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 36.42 312
0148500522 226.00832 +15.48426 0.2 10.88 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 74.83 70
0148500486 224.76137 +15.61378 0.1 10.14 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 32.64 357
0148500331 225.66262 +15.77472 0.1 9.71 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 65.88 50
0148500347 225.46642 +15.78140 0.1 8.38 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 57.93 42
0148500383 225.46774 +15.78850 0.1 8.17 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 58.30 42
0148500643 225.37434 +15.87001 0.2 8.80 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 58.72 35
0148500644 224.57183 +15.87206 0.1 10.67 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 49.71 345
0148500726 225.45538 +15.92581 0.1 10.21 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 64.18 37
0148500887 224.36356 +15.99332 0.1 10.85 0.34 1 0 00G1 F; 60.58 336
0148500857 224.82241 +16.00481 0.1 10.92 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 56.10 2
0148500728 225.63882 +16.05447 0.2 6.98 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 76.81 40
0148500728 225.63775 +16.05495 0.1 7.00 0.00 4 0 +056 T; 76.79 40
0148500678 225.15212 +16.10635 0.1 9.42 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 65.61 19
0148500636 225.15229 +16.12220 0.1 10.30 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 66.51 18
0148500489 225.25880 +16.15911 0.2 8.09 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 70.74 23
0148500250 225.25764 +16.25093 0.1 8.42 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 75.83 21
0148500120 225.08999 +16.28375 0.1 10.96 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 74.85 13
0147800468 223.48933 +15.05570 0.1 10.14 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 75.29 269
0147800596 223.79110 +15.31679 0.1 9.44 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 59.63 284
0147800819 223.70827 +15.32526 0.1 6.32 0.40 1 0 00G1 T; 64.40 284
0147800819 223.70821 +15.32533 0.1 7.19 0.00 4 0 +056 T; 64.41 284
0147800738 223.98002 +15.33626 0.1 10.30 0.40 1 0 00G1 F; 49.47 289
0147800362 223.79206 +15.46655 0.1 10.80 0.38 1 0 00G1 F; 62.39 293
0147800425 223.57528 +15.53006 0.2 8.30 0.38 1 0 00G1 F; 75.45 292
0147800521 223.69530 +15.58689 0.1 10.86 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 70.45 296
0147800748 223.86586 +15.64369 0.1 10.77 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 63.52 303
0147800815 223.68667 +15.71141 0.1 10.81 0.37 1 0 00G1 F; 74.46 301
0147800780 223.70017 +15.75014 0.1 10.67 0.35 1 0 00G1 F; 75.02 303
0147800635 223.93094 +15.84011 0.1 10.84 0.34 1 0 00G1 F; 67.78 313

real 0m0.061s
user 0m0.045s
sys 0m0.015s

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-10 12:57

administrator   ~0004254

From the ccdciel_indicamera log:

- 10:17:35.726 ccdciel send the exposure parameters for a 2 second exposure and saving the result file to /tmp
- 10:17:35.841 we receive confirmation from indi with the new parameters.
then nothing for 10 seconds until
- 10:17:46.342 we receive at the same time the 2 and 0 sec. progress indicator, both with a UT timestamp 2017-11-10T09:17:46
- 10:17:46.527 we receive the information the file is saved also with the same timestamp 2017-11-10T09:17:46

The timestamp written by the indi server when it send the message confirm the problem is not a delay in the message transmission.
But indi is really waiting 10 seconds after it receive the exposure parameters and send the confirmation.

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-10 13:09

administrator   ~0004255

The Indi debug log confirm this 10 second wait.

As you tested the problem is not the gsc command.

But after it get the star list, the camera simulator need to plot them on the bitmap. Maybe this is this plot function that require a lot of time with the arm processor?

Can you do the same operation but using a simple Indi client, from indistarter or other, with ccdciel not running .
- set the same image size
- set Upload to local
- set Expose duration to 2 and click Set.

Do it also take 10 seconds before you see the message "[INFO] Image saved to..." ?

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-10 13:15

administrator   ~0004256

Also, can you produce the same log with a real camera ?

tango13

17-11-10 14:27

reporter   ~0004257

Also with indistarter Indi client the behaviour is the same and the 10 second wait shows up.
I will also try with a real camera but at this point I strongly suspect this wait is related to the image setup time of the ccd simulator.
That's because if I reduce the size of the simulated image, the wait reduces accordingly.
With an image of, say, 1024x768 px then there's no wait at all and the timing of the whole process is back to normal.
I think with a real camera, since I guess there's no image setup time at all, things will work with no problems.
What do you think?

tango13

17-11-10 14:38

reporter   ~0004258

This is for a 4096x3520 simulated image, 2s exposure:

DEBUG 1091.798861 sec : pprx: 110526 pixels per radian ppry: 110526 pixels per radian ScaleX: 1.86652 arcsecs/pixel ScaleY: 1.86652 arcsecs/pixel
DEBUG 1091.799314 sec : Lookup radius 79.16
DEBUG 1091.799547 sec : gsc -c 224.793052 +15.070437 -r 79.2 -m 0 11.00 -n 3000
DEBUG 1102.018909 sec : Uploading file. Ext: fits, Size: 24744960, sendImage? No, saveImage? Yes
INFO 1102.117157 sec : Image saved to /home/piero/IMAGE_002.fits
DEBUG 1102.117348 sec : Upload complete

This is for a 1024x768 simulated image, 2s exposure:

DEBUG 1183.218107 sec : pprx: 110526 pixels per radian ppry: 110526 pixels per radian ScaleX: 1.86652 arcsecs/pixel ScaleY: 1.86652 arcsecs/pixel
DEBUG 1183.218883 sec : Lookup radius 19.91
DEBUG 1183.219257 sec : gsc -c 224.790708 +15.070437 -r 19.9 -m 0 17.00 -n 3000
DEBUG 1185.268896 sec : Uploading file. Ext: fits, Size: 1578240, sendImage? No, saveImage? Yes
INFO 1185.312360 sec : Image saved to /home/piero/IMAGE_003.fits
DEBUG 1185.312933 sec : Upload complete

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-10 18:15

administrator   ~0004259

Yes, the big simulation image is probably the cause of the problem.

With a real camera I expect this problem is not present. But it is possible that another problem slow down the capture.
This can be the image transfer on the USB, then to the disk or the network, and finally the processing and display in ccdciel.

I suggest we keep this issue open until you can try with a real camera.
In case of performance problem you can try to produce this same logs to help to identify the cause.

tango13

17-11-10 19:11

reporter   ~0004260

Hi Patrick,

with my real camera, which produces big files so we're in the worst case, no problems at all:

18:51:22:Start single preview
18:51:23:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 2.0
18:51:23:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: [DEBUG] StartExposure->setexp : 2.000s
18:51:23:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 1.9
18:51:23:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 1.6
18:51:23:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 1.4
18:51:23:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 1.1
18:51:24:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 0.9
18:51:24:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 0.6
18:51:24:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 0.4
18:51:24:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 0.1
18:51:25:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 0.0
18:51:26:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: [DEBUG] Uploading file. Ext: fits, Size: 32783040, sendImage? No, saveImage? Yes
18:51:26:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: load stream
18:51:29:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: write headers
18:51:29:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: display image
18:51:29:ZWO CCD ASI1600MM-Cool: progress: 0.0
18:51:30:End preview

DEBUG 871.163447 sec : StartExposure->setexp : 2.000s
DEBUG 874.253115 sec : Uploading file. Ext: fits, Size: 32783040, sendImage? No, saveImage? Yes
INFO 874.358028 sec : Image saved to /tmp/ccdciel_tmp.fits
DEBUG 874.358361 sec : Upload complete

I've noticed that if I use the "zoom to adjust in window" feature the total preview process takes around 3 seconds more than if I use the 1:1 zoom, but that I guess is due to the extra image processing needed to resample the image, right?
Anyway, it looks like CCDciel is working fine, and the more I know it, the more I like it :)
Thank you very much!

P.S. I didn't have the chance to thank you also for the highlight and shadow clipping feature, it is extremely useful for CMOS cameras!

Patrick Chevalley

17-11-11 12:06

administrator   ~0004261

Thank you for the testing, this is an interesting case where the simulator is slower than the real camera.

This is not bad for a 16 megapixel image and an ARM processor.
Yes, resizing the image is more costly than cropping a 1:1 part.

You can speedup the initial setup of the target by using 4x4 binning for the preview and plate solved slewing, then use binning 1x1 in capture.

Issue History

Date Modified Username Field Change
17-11-08 13:02 tango13 New Issue
17-11-09 15:28 Patrick Chevalley Assigned To => Patrick Chevalley
17-11-09 15:28 Patrick Chevalley Status new => feedback
17-11-09 15:28 Patrick Chevalley Target Version => 1.0
17-11-09 15:28 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004245
17-11-09 18:10 tango13 Note Added: 0004247
17-11-09 18:10 tango13 Status feedback => assigned
17-11-09 18:39 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004248
17-11-09 19:08 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004249
17-11-09 19:08 Patrick Chevalley Status assigned => feedback
17-11-10 10:27 tango13 File Added: indicameralog.tar.gz
17-11-10 10:27 tango13 Note Added: 0004251
17-11-10 10:27 tango13 Status feedback => assigned
17-11-10 10:37 tango13 Note Added: 0004252
17-11-10 12:57 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004254
17-11-10 13:09 Patrick Chevalley Status assigned => feedback
17-11-10 13:09 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004255
17-11-10 13:15 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004256
17-11-10 14:27 tango13 Note Added: 0004257
17-11-10 14:27 tango13 Status feedback => assigned
17-11-10 14:38 tango13 Note Added: 0004258
17-11-10 18:15 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004259
17-11-10 19:11 tango13 Note Added: 0004260
17-11-11 12:06 Patrick Chevalley Status assigned => resolved
17-11-11 12:06 Patrick Chevalley Resolution open => no change required
17-11-11 12:06 Patrick Chevalley Note Added: 0004261